JOHNRAWLS ON CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE AND THE CONSTRAINTS OF NIGERIAN DEMOCRACY

Abstract

This paper examines John Rawls’ theory of civil disobedience within the context of Nigeria’s democratic context, emphasizing the tensions and possibilities it presents. Rawls defines civil disobedience as a public, nonviolent and conscientious act aimed at bringing about a change in laws or policies considered unjust within a near-just society. Applying this to Nigeria, a democracy marred by systemic corruption, ethnic divisions and weak institutions, the paper explores how Rawls’ constraints, such as publicity, nonviolence and fidelity to law, are challenged. The paper critically argues that while Rawls’ template offers valuable insights into the legitimacy of civil disobedience, adapting these principles to Nigeria requires addressing the unique socio-political realities of the country. By examining notable instances of civil disobedience in Nigeria, such as protests against police brutality and election malpractice, the paper highlights the need to balance Rawlsian ideals with practical strategies for achieving justice in a fragile democracy like Nigeria’s.