LA FIGURE PATRIACALE DE JACOB ET LES CRITERES D'APPARTENANCE DANS LE QUATRIEME EVANGILE (JN 4,4-15)

摘要

The comparison that the Fourth Evangelist establishes between Jesus and the Patriarchs of Israel helps to bring into focus the attitude of John towards ancient Jewish traditions through his Christology of superiority. The image of Jacob mentioned in John 4 forms part of this Johannine Christology of superiority which considers Jesus as being greater than the Patriarchs of Isracl and all that they represent in Judaism. In an attempt to accomplish this project, the Fourth Evangelist recalls the patriarchal figure of Jacob and its importance for the Jewish people. Throughout their history, Jacob has always been considered by the Jews as the greatest of their ancestors. It is in the light of this that one can understand all the importance that the woman attaches to Jacob “our father”. While acknowledging this reality, John the Evangelist calls the attention of the woman to the newness brought by Jesus Christ and universal salvation that he brings to the whole of humanity contrary to Jacob whose image is used to champion a nationalist course. In the context of his Christology of superiority, John affirms that the whole :_}f the Jewish tradition incarnated by Jacob finds accomplishment in the person of Jesus. This comparative study highligl_lts the background of the Fourth Gospel and allows us to consider the relationship between Jacob and the newness of the Johannine